Doctor of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.

Anatomical Pathology, Barnes Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.; Clinical Pathology, The Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; Internal Medicine, St. Luke's Hospital, Chesterfield, Mo.; Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.

Forensic Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.; Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.

American College of Physicians, American Professional Practice Association